Optical anisotropy is studied in the polarized light microscope with accessory plates that are divided into two primary categories: retardation plates that have a fixed optical path difference and compensators, which have variable optical path lengths. Quantitative measurements of optical anisotropy is therefore useful in the optical analysis of birefringent specimens. ![]() When the ordered state involves structural anisotropy, the optical state usually also displays anisotropic effects in polarized light observations. In many cases, molecular ordering in these specimens is an intrinsic material property, but order can also be induced on multiple levels by dynamic shear, stretching, concentration changes, temperature fluctuations, and force fields. Polarized light microscopy is a valuable tool for revealing the presence and nature of submicroscopic structural motifs in a wide variety of materials ranging from mineral thin sections to fibers and biological specimens. Polarized Light Microscopy Introduction to Compensators and Retardation Plates Molecular Expressions Microscopy Primer: Specialized Microscopy Techniques - Polarized Light Microscopy - Introduction to Compensators and Retardation Plates
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